Elk Falls is a city in Elk County, Kansas, United States, along the Elk River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 113. Th…Elk Falls is a city in Elk County, Kansas, United States, along the Elk River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 113. The first European-American house was built at Elk Falls in 1870, and a post office was opened that same year. Elk Falls was named for a waterfall on the Elk River, near where the town developed. Two early settlers in the rural community were the widow Prudence Crandall, an educator from Connecticut who had established the Canterbury Female Boarding School in the 1830s for African-American girls and young women; and her brother Hezekiah. They both died here and were buried in the town cemetery.