The clever leader who achieved that victory was named Gaius Pontius, and he was an ancestor of the famous Pontius Pilate. There is not much information about him, except that he was born in an ...

His victories and growing influence propelled him to the consulship in 88 BCE. However, tensions with his political rival, Gaius Marius, escalated into civil war. Sulla’s unprecedented march on Rome ...

Crassus’ rise to power As a young officer now, Crassus supported General Lucius Cornelius Sulla with his men during the civil war (83-82) between Sulla and the followers of Marius. Returning to Rome ...

In the late summer of 32 BC, Rome declared war on Ptolemaic Egypt and its powerful queen, Cleopatra. In front of the Temple of Bellona, the Roman goddess of war, a member of an archaic priestly order ...

Following the chaos, Gaius Marius arose as the champion of the poor, riding a wave of popular disgust at senatorial corruption. But he ultimately allied with those willing to use violence for ...

The fall of the Roman Republic, which endured for centuries before giving way to tyrants and emperors, offers useful context—lessons on not only what values to uphold but also on how reform ...

From the fifth to third centuries BCE, the Gallic tribes of central Europe were among the continent’s most fearsome warriors. And in 387 BCE, Gallic raiders sacked and profoundly humiliated Rome.

In the year 105 BC, while Gaius Marius was awaiting a triumph for crushing the rebellion of the Numidian Jugurtha and hoping his contested candidacy for another consulship would be accepted, another ...

He came by it naturally. His uncle, Gaius Marius (167-86 BC), the ambitious general and statesman who modernized the Roman army and opened it to landless citizens, was a vigorous proponent of the ...

One such man was Gaius Marius, a contemporary of Memmius and Julius Caesar’s uncle. Born into an Italian family with few connections to the inner circles of the Roman elite, Marius made his ...